CNC cutting fluid introduction and cutting fluid types

I believe you have seen it when watching CNC machining. When cutting, a fluid similar to oil is sprayed from the nozzle next to it. In fact, this fluid is cutting fluid.  

Cutting fluid is a lubricant used in CNC machine tools, with lubrication, cooling, cleaning and other functions, so cutting fluid plays a very important role in the automated processing of CNC machine tools.  

First, the role of cutting fluid

1, lubrication.

Cutting fluid can form an oil film on the surface of the workpiece and tool, but also penetrate into the smallest metal gaps and irregularities. Reduce the friction between the metal. This can bring the following effects.

①reduce tool wear and extend tool life.  

②Reducing cutting resistance and machining with less power.  

③Prevent edge burrs and improve the accuracy of the machined surface.  

2、Cooling

Cutting fluid can reduce the heat generated in the cutting operation, the temperature of which can be as high as 600-1000 ℃. Especially for stainless steel and other workpieces with low thermal conductivity, it is difficult to dissipate heat and the workpiece will become hot.  

Using cutting fluid to reduce the temperature can bring the following effects.

① Reduce the thermal deformation of the tool and extend the tool life.  

② Prevent thermal deformation of workpiece and tool, and stabilize machining accuracy.  

③ Realize high speed machining.

3、Cleaning

The cutting fluid jet can flush away the chips generated during the cutting process and clean the workpiece, which can bring the following effects.

①Prevent the workpiece from being scratched due to chip adhesion.  

②Prevent processing defects caused by blockage and chip accumulation.  

③Preventing tool breakage due to chip entanglement.  

Second, the classification of cutting fluid

Cutting fluids can be roughly divided into insoluble and water-soluble. Insoluble cutting fluid can be used directly, the focus is on lubrication (some also focus on cooling). Water-soluble cutting fluid is usually used after dilution with water, the focus is on cooling.  

1, insoluble cutting fluid

Insoluble cutting fluid is a kind of cutting oil with oil as the main component, has a good "lubrication" effect, but also can effectively prevent CNC machine tools and workpiece rust, mainly for high precision requirements.  

Insoluble cutting fluid can be divided into inert type and active type. Inert light cutting processing of soft metals can effectively improve tool life. Active type is used for difficult-to-machine materials and low-speed machining, such as gear cutting, which can effectively improve machining accuracy.  

2、Water-soluble cutting fluid

Water-soluble cutting fluid is a kind of cutting oil mixed with water and oil, which has good cooling effect and is widely used in high-speed machining of machining centers.  

Commonly used water-soluble cutting fluids are emulsified fluid, soluble, soluble fluid three.  

Emulsion is a water-soluble cutting fluid composed of water, oil and surfactant, which is a milky white liquid with large oily particles. It has high versatility and is widely used in machining centers.  

Soluble water-soluble cutting oil, made of water, oil, surfactants and soluble substances, is a translucent liquid with small oily particles. It has excellent cooling and penetrating properties.  

Dissolving fluid, a water-soluble cutting oil made from water and soluble substances. The oil particles are very small, and the liquid is usually green in color, with excellent cooling and durability.